Home Page >  News List >> Tech >> Tech

Chapter 03- Linux Common Commands

Tech 2023-06-27 02:31:08 Source: Network
AD

02-vmwarecentos7shellshell(kernel)shell-2-1-2-1shellshellshellshellshellBourne Shell/usr/bin/sh/bin/shBourne Again Shell/bin/bashC Shell/usr/bin/cshK Shell/usr/bin/kshshell[root@cdphost ~]# echo $SHELL/bin/bashLinuxman[root@cdphost ~]# man lsreboot[root@cdphost ~]# rebootshutdown[root@cdphost ~]# shutdownlsls [] []ls-l-a-A.

02-vmwarecentos7

shellshell(kernel)shell-2-1

-2-1

shellshellshellshell

shellBourne Shell/usr/bin/sh/bin/shBourne Again Shell/bin/bashC Shell/usr/bin/cshK Shell/usr/bin/ksh

  • shell
[root@cdphost ~]# echo $SHELL/bin/bash

Linux

man

[root@cdphost ~]# man ls

reboot

[root@cdphost ~]# reboot

shutdown

[root@cdphost ~]# shutdown

ls

ls [] []

ls

-l

-a

-A

...

-h

-t

-r

[root@cdphost ~]# ls -ltotal 4194316-rw-------. 1 root root 1808 Dec 15 2022 anaconda-ks.cfg-rw------- 1 root root 1908 Jun 19 16:56 dead.letterdrwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Dec 15 2022 Desktopdrwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Dec 15 2022 Documents... ...

pwd

[root@cdphost ~]# pwd/root

cd

cd <>

.

..

~

Home

-

/home/cdp

[root@cdphost ~]# cd /usr/bin[root@cdphost bin]# pwd/usr/bin

mkdir

mkdir [] <>

mkdir

-p

[root@cdphost ~]# mkdir -p /root/temp1/temp2[root@cdphost ~]# cd /root/temp1/temp2/[root@cdphost temp2]# pwd/root/temp1/temp2

rm

rm [] </>

rm

-r

-f

[root@cdphost temp2]# pwd/root/temp1/temp2[root@cdphost temp2]# cd ~[root@cdphost ~]# pwd/root[root@cdphost ~]# rm -rf temp1[root@cdphost ~]#

rename

rename 

[root@cdphost temp1]# lsaaa aaabbb.txt dddaaa.txt[root@cdphost temp1]# rename aaa bbb aaabbb.txt[root@cdphost temp1]# lsaaa bbbbbb.txt dddaaa.txt[root@cdphost temp1]#

mv

mv <> <>

1/root/temp1/aaa/root/temp2

[root@cdphost temp1]# mv /root/temp1/aaa /root/temp2

2/root/temp1/aaa/root/temp2

[root@cdphost temp1]# mv /root/temp1/aaa/* /root/temp2/bbb

3/root/temp2bbbccc

[root@cdphost temp2]# mv /root/temp2/bbb /root/temp2/ccc

cp

cp <> <>

cp

-r

1/root/temp1/aaa/root/temp2/ccc

[root@cdphost ccc]# cp -r /root/temp1/aaa /root/temp2/ccc

2/root/temp1/aaa/root/temp2/ccc

[root@cdphost ccc]# cp -r /root/temp1/aaa/* /root/temp2/ccc

touch

[root@cdphost temp1]# lltotal 0[root@cdphost temp1]# touch a.txt[root@cdphost temp1]# lltotal 0-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Jun 25 23:00 a.txt

cat

[root@cdphost temp1]# cat /etc/passwd

more

[root@cdphost temp1]# more /etc/passwd

head

10

head []

head

-n

1/etc/group5

[root@cdphost temp1]# head -n 5 /etc/grouproot:x:0:bin:x:1:daemon:x:2:sys:x:3:adm:x:4:

tail

10

tail []

tail

-n

-f

1/etc/group5

[root@cdphost temp1]# tail -n 5 /etc/grouptcpdump:x:72:stapusr:x:156:stapsys:x:157:stapdev:x:158:cdp:x:1000:cdp

2/root/cdp.txt

[root@cdphost ~]# tail -f cdp.txt788

wc

wc []

wc

-l

-w

-c

1/etc/passwd

[root@cdphost ~]# wc -l /etc/passwd43 /etc/passwd

2/etc/passwd

[root@cdphost ~]# wc -w /etc/passwd87 /etc/passwd

3/etc/passwd

[root@cdphost ~]# wc -c /etc/passwd2256 /etc/passwd

du

dd

du

-h

-s

-b

byte

-m

M

-k

K

1

[root@cdphost temp1]# du -sh3.5G .

2

[root@cdphost temp1]# du -sh *100K 100K_temp.txt100M 100M_temp.txt1.0G 1G_temp.txt4.0K 2048_temp.txt2.4G a

3

[root@cdphost temp1]# du -sh /root/temp1/a2.4G /root/temp1/a

4

[root@cdphost temp1]# du -sh /root/temp1/a | cut -f12.4G[root@cdphost temp1]# du -sh /root/temp1/a | awk '{print $1}'2.4G

find

find path -option [-print ] [ -exec -ok command ] {} ;

find

-name

-type

f

-size

1.c

[root@cdphost temp1]# find / -name "*.c"/usr/lib/firmware/isci/create_fw.c/usr/lib64/perl5/vendor_perl/auto/share/dist/DBD-SQLite/sqlite3.c/usr/share/doc/libpng-1.5.13/example.c/usr/share/doc/mpfr-3.1.1/mpfr/examples/divworst.c/usr/share/doc/mpfr-3.1.1/mpfr/examples/rndo-add.c/usr/share/doc/mpfr-3.1.1/mpfr/examples/sample.c/usr/share/doc/mpfr-3.1.1/mpfr/examples/version.c/usr/share/doc/libbluray-0.2.3/player_wrappers/xine/input_bluray.c

2100M

[root@cdphost temp1]# find /root/temp1 -size +100M -exec ls -lh {} ;-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1.0G Dec 23 12:34 /root/temp1/1G_temp.txt-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 2.0G Dec 23 12:51 /root/temp1/a/temp.txt-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 400M Dec 23 12:53 /root/temp1/a/b/100M_temp.txt

grep

grep [] [] file

grep

-v

-n

-c

-r

1hello

[root@cdphost temp1]# grep "hello" /root/temp1 -rn/root/temp1/b.txt:3:asdfsaf hello/root/temp1/c/c.txt:10:hello hello/root/temp1/a.txt:6:abc hello/root/temp1/a.txt:7:hello cdb

2hello

[root@cdphost temp1]# grep "hello" /root/temp1 -rc | grep ":0" -v/root/temp1/b.txt:1/root/temp1/c/c.txt:1/root/temp1/a.txt:2

3hello

[root@cdphost temp1]# grep "hello" /root/temp1 -rc | grep ":0" -v | cut -d ":" -f1/root/temp1/b.txt/root/temp1/c/c.txt/root/temp1/a.txt

4

[root@cdphost temp1]# grep "^$" /root/temp1/a.txt -n3:5:

linux$cat -A /root/temp1/a.txt

5java

[root@cdphost temp1]# ps -ef | grep java | grep -v grep

date

date [] [+]

date

-s datestr

datestr

date

%Y

(0000..9999)

%m

(01..12)

%d

(01..31)

%H

(00..23)

%M

(00..59)

%S

(00..59)

%A

(Sunday..Saturday)

%j

1[yyyy-mm-dd hh:mm:ss]

[root@cdphost temp1]# date '+%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S'2022-12-23 15:48:40

2

[root@cdphost temp1]# date '+%A'Friday

320211231 9:00:00

[root@cdphost temp1]# date -s '2021-12-31 9:00:00'

ifconfig

IP

[root@cdphost temp1]# ifconfig

df

df []

df

-T

-h

1

Filesystem

Size

Used

Avail

Use%

Mounted on

free

free []

free

-h

-m

M

1

total

used

free

shared

buff/cache

available

top

[root@cdphost temp1]# top

top - 22:42:52 up 42 min, 2 users, load average: 0.13, 0.09, 0.12

22:42:5242 21,5,150.13, 0.09, 0.12

load average()CPU,(1,5,15)

Tasks: 492 total, 1 running, 491 sleeping, 0 stopped, 0 zombie

4921()491()0(stoppedkill)0()

%cpu(s): 7.2 us, 1.4 sy, 0.0 ni, 91.3 id, 0.0 wa, 0.0 hi, 0.2 si, 0.0 st

7.2% us CPU

1.4% sy CPU

0.0% ni CPU

91.3 % id CPU

0.0% wa IOCPU

0.0% hi Hardware IRQCPU

0.2% si Software InterruptsCPU

0.0% st CPU

CPUwindows

KiB Mem: 2035648 total, 888272 used, 1147376 free, 884 buffers

2035648k total 2035M

888272k used 888M

1147376k free 1147M

884k buffers 0.8M

KiB Swap: 2097148 total, 0 used, 2097148 free. 255104 cached Mem

swap

2097148k total 2097M

0k used 0M

2097148 k free 2097M

255104k cached 255M

used

PID

ID

USER

PR

'rt'

NI

nice

VIRT

kbVIRT=SWAP+RES

RES

kbRES=CODE+DATA

SHR

SHRkb

S

,:

D -

R

S

T

Z

%CPU

CPU

%MEM

TIME+

CPU

COMMAND

/

who

NAME

LINEpts/0:0x(x-window)

TIME

COMMENTIP

whoami

[root@cdphost ~]# whoamiroot

ps

ps []

ps

-e

()

-f

15

2java

[root@cdphost ~]# ps -ef | grep java | grep -v grep

kill

1

[root@cdphost ~]# kill -9

2

[root@cdphost ~]# kill -9 1 2 3

which

1pwd

[root@cdphost ~]# which pwd/usr/bin/pwd

wget

1centos7163yum

[root@cdphost temp1]# wget http://mirrors.163.com/.help/CentOS7-Base-163.repo

su

su [-]

su --

su - --

1su PATH

2su - PATH

sudo

sudo

sudo

1visudo

2/etc/sudoers(chmod u+w /etc/sudoers)

(/etc/sudoers)

visudo

cdp ALL=(ALL) ALL

cdpsudo

%cdp ALL=(ALL) ALL

cdpsudo

cdp ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD:ALL()

cdpsudo

%cdp ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD:ALL

cdpsudo

ALLsudo192.168.226.250/24

ALL

ALL

1cdpsudo

1visudo/etc/sudoers

[root@cdphost ~]# visudo --/etc/sudoers

2

[cdp@cdphost ~]$ sudo systemctl stop firewalld

history

110

[root@cdphost ~]# history | tail -n 10951 echo $PATH952 systemctl status firelwalld953 systemctl status firewalld954 visudo955 cat /etc/sudoers956 vi /etc/sudoers957 ll /etc/sudoers958 visudo959 history960 history | tail -n 10

2

[root@cdphost ~]# !951echo $PATH/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/root/bin

scp

linux

1.scp [] local_file remote_username@remote_ip:remote_file2.scp [] remote_username@remote_ip:remote_file local_file

scp

-r

1

[root@cdphost temp1]# scp 100M_temp.txt [email protected]:/root/temp3[root@cdphost temp1]# scp -r /root/temp2 [email protected]:/root/temp3

2

[root@cdphost temp4]# scp [email protected]:/root/temp3/100M_temp.txt ./[root@cdphost temp4]# scp -r [email protected]:/root/temp3/temp2 ./

gzip

gzip [] []

gzip

-d

-l

-v

1

2

3

tar

tar [] [] [..]

tar

-c

-v

-f

-x

-z

gzip,.gz

-t

-C

-c-x

linux3

-z

gzip

.tar.gz

gz > bz2 > xz

xz > bz2 > gz

-j

bzip2

.tar.bz2

-J

xz

.tar.xz

1

2

3

4

5

6

zip

zip [] [.zip] [1]

zip

-q

-r

1

unzip

uzip [] [.zip]

uzip

-l

-d

1


Disclaimer: The content of this article is sourced from the internet. The copyright of the text, images, and other materials belongs to the original author. The platform reprints the materials for the purpose of conveying more information. The content of the article is for reference and learning only, and should not be used for commercial purposes. If it infringes on your legitimate rights and interests, please contact us promptly and we will handle it as soon as possible! We respect copyright and are committed to protecting it. Thank you for sharing.(Email:[email protected])

Mobile advertising space rental

Tag: Chapter Linux Common Commands

Guess you like

Unite directoryCopyright @ 2011-2025 All Rights Reserved. Copyright Webmaster Search Directory System